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A Comparative Discussion 1. Introduction Fascism, as an ideology and political system, emerged in the early 20th century, reacting to the perceived threats of socialism, communism, and liberal democracy. It advocated for authoritarian governance, hyper-nationalism, and often a commitment to military expansion. While fascism originally emerged in Italy, its ideas were later adopted and refined by Adolf Hitler in Germany, forming the basis for the Nazi regime. Following World War II, fascism was discredited, but its core principles found new life in neo-Nazi and far-right movements in Europe and North America. This comparative discussion will delve into the origins and rise of early fascism, the distinct nature of Nazi ideology…

Key Actors & the Types of Individuals Involved The 100 Associates Company was not just about investors but also included settlers, soldiers, and clergy. What follows are a list of Key Individuals and Roles involved in the establishment of New France – Nouvelle France. You will find detailed information, footnotes and source lists. Hopefully, you will find the materials useful. The Builders of New France If you visit my research link The Builders of New France, you will get an idea of how I have categorized our information. Suffice it to say there were many roles and assignments that needed to be done in France’s new world colonies. Feel free…

Because there seems to be a lot of confusion regarding DNA and Ethnicity Estimates, I have decided to provide a listing of reputable resources to help folks better understand ‘how things work’. DNA Testing: What is it, and how can you benefit from it? Understanding DNA Ethnicity Results How Accurate Are DNA Tests? Why You May Be Reading Your DNA Results All Wrong Understanding Ethnicity Estimates at DNA Testing: Tracing Ancestral Origins How Does DNA Show Your Ethnicity? What Is My Ethnicity? How MyHeritage Estimates Ethnicities Introduction to Ethnicity Admixture Genetic Testing, FAQ Genetic Testing Registry (NCBI) Getting a Genetic Test What is genetic ancestry testing? ManyRoads Articles DNA &…

Over the years, a number of young readers have provided insights on conducting genealogical research to me here on ManyRoads. Just this week, I have been in receipt of a new pointer/ link.  In discussing this with my wife, we agreed that ManyRoads should create a page/ place for such information sharing to be published. To that end, if you have children conducting genealogical or FamilyHistory research in any of the topic areas listed below,  and they have links they would like to share, please let me know via our contact page. I will be happy to review and provide space on ManyRoads for such sharing. Research Areas of Interest:…

Ancestry – Switzerland Archive.com- Swiss Genealogy BYU (Bern Canton) Cyndi’s List- Switzerland / Suisse / Schweiz FamilySearch Wiki (Bern Canton Research) Geneanet (Switzerland) Genealogy in Switzerland- Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Familienforschung Genealogy Research in Switzerland- MyGenealogist.com Guide to the Church Books of Canton Bern, Switzerland (pdf) List of Swiss Cantons  Researching family histories / genealogy Bern Canton Swiss Genealogy Advice Swiss Genealogy on the Internet Switzerland and the United States Switzerland Genealogy Guide (FamilySearch) Switzerland GenWeb

Genealogy Resources (Tutorial) This simple tutorial is prepared to assist you in performing research in the former German Reichsländer of Elsaß-Lothringen, today’s French regions of Alsace-Moselle. Research in these areas can be quite challenging. Many researchers are challenged by the following list of obstacles, including: Language Records are likely to appear in German, French, Latin (as well as others). Resource Websites are almost certain to appear in French, German and English. They may or may not be readily setup up for your favorite language. Prepare to have your browser or other tools handy for translation. German Dialects in Alsace-Lorraine some of which may be quite esoteric to both native and…

Introduction This ‘tutorial’ is intended to provide essential information regarding the last 400 hundred “plus” years of European Mennonite-Anabaptist migrations. It will not focus on Mennonite migrations which took place in the New World (North or South), Africa or Asia. Anabaptists were among Europe’s most persecuted and mobile religious populations during the Reformation and Confessional Ages and into the modern era, as they lacked a long-term alliance with the state. Their movement also lacked a single, clearly defined magisterial office, and the Anabaptists’ migratory experience encouraged regional variations in the movement that built on its distinct starting points and traditions. Historically, Anabaptist migrations resulted most commonly from pressures due to…

Archives of Ukraine: Genealogical Research BLITZ Information Center BRAMA – History of Ukraine Bukovina Society of the Americas Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Carpathian Connection Carpatho-Rusyn Knowledge Base Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Lviv Directories of Cities, Towns and Regions in Ukraine Eastern European Genealogy East European Genealogical Society, Winnipeg, Canada FamilySearch Wiki pages for Ukraine FEEFHS: Foundation for East European Family History Studies Genealogical Gazetteer of Galicia by Brian J. Lenius Genealogy of Halychyna / Eastern Galicia Gesher Galicia Holodomor Research and Education Consortium Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies University of Alberta Holodomor- Ukrainian Genocide InfoUkes: An Information Resource about Ukraine and Ukrainians Jewish Virtual Library, Ukraine…

The images provided here will hopefully help identify those areas from which German speaking peoples were forced to evacuate after WW1 & WW2. These areas tend to be quite difficult to research, given there have not been German speakers representing those regions and records for more than 75 years. Significant changes have occurred since 1945 making research in these regions ‘challenging’.  

It is important to note that the information contained here only provides a very brief synopsis of a long period of eastward German migrations. This period ran from roughly the early 1300s to the early 1870s. During these years the populations of Germans in Eastern Europe reached more than 18 million people scatted in German communities roughly bounded by the Oder-Neisse River (West) to the Ural Mountains (in the East) and from the Baltic Sea (in the North) to Turkey (in the South). Religion of Germans from the East, according to Gerhard Reichling[1] Description Prewar German population Protestant Roman Catholic Other Former eastern territories of Germany 9,575,000 6,411,000 2,862,000 302,000…

  translated from the original article I have not altered or augmented the original content of this article. Any credit, critique, or praise should be addressed to the original author via his site. I simply provide this document in English (via translation) as a study aid for those seeking more information on the topic. I used Deepl.com to assist in the creation of this translation. Copyright © 2004 Klaus-Peter Jurkat / As of December 31, 2004 Recently I found a French map drawn in 1994, which shows Europe in the year 1000. The Oder-Neisse border is already drawn there, and Usedom and Szczecin are in the Kingdom of Poland. The…

  translated from the original article I have not altered or augmented the original content of this article. Any credit, critique, or praise should be addressed to the original author via his site. I simply provide this document in English (via translation) as a study aid for those seeking more information on the topic. I used Deepl.com to assist in the creation of this translation. Copyright © 2004 Klaus-Peter Jurkat / As of December 22, 2004 The proportion of Prussians (Pruzzen) contributing to the newly formed “Prussian tribe” For some time I have been concerned with the question of how many immigrants from Lithuania and Mazovia were involved in the…

    Rabideau / Henss Find-a-Grave War Memorials There are no words to sooth the loss or justify the cost..   Memorials managed by other: John Musgrove d.1863

Because I have come into contact with so many researchers who seem to lack essential Holocaust/ Shoah details/ information, I thought a quick set of pointers/ links might prove helpful to our readership in establishing a basic context. Be advised, this page is NOT intended to provide a comprehensive study resource for the Holocaust/Shoah. This is but a beginning for those who want to establish and begin building an understanding. Sadly, and unbelievably, this is not the only Genocide perpetrated during WW2, nor have Genocides disappeared since WW2. Should you wish to contribute additional content & ideas to this page, please use our contact page to let us know. We…

When conducting Jewish Genealogical efforts most people tend to focus a few large well-known sites.  And… when they run out of luck, they don’t know where to turn.  In keeping with ManyRoads effort to point out lesser known resources, I have developed this page of largely German-Jewish resources. Included among these lesser widely used Jewish Genealogy (Primary & Secondary) Resources are some excellent research materials: To quote from the Internet Archive: The Library of the Leo Baeck Institute, New York (LBI) is the leading library and archive dedicated to the history of German-speaking Jews, and it holds more than 1,600 periodical titles in its collections. The LBI Library is digitizing…

Introduction Researching early Nouvelle France (French Canada) can be a both rewarding and information/ data rich endeavor.  Personally, I tend to focus my research in the areas of Bas (Lower) Canada with rarer forays into Acadie during the time before the Le Grand Dérangement or Déportation des Acadiens.  The forced removal by the British of the Acadian people from the present-day Canadian Maritime provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and northern Maine. To organize my thoughts and provide some free self-help guidance, I have created this page. I will update it from time to time as I do most of my self-help offerings. If there are items…

Few French names are as easily distinguished as being unique in both written and spoken  form than our name of “Robidoux”.  To date,   Clyde Rabideau has documented almost seventy written variations of the name.  Many of the name spellings are specific to a particular branch of the family or to a certain state. The name “Rubidoux” denotes descendants of Louis Robidoux of Riverside,  California, while in New York State you will find the name as “Rabideau”.   “Roubidoux” and  “Roubideaux”    is found with descendants of Joseph Robidoux of Missouri and his native children. The spelling of “Robidoux” is consistent through most of  Quebec and Western Canada and into Massachusetts, Rhode Island…

The Robidoux family is not unique in being able to claim some cultural diversity. Many of us, through either marriages or births, can claim being a “Metis”. But what does this word mean? The following was used from the website, “Metis Nation of the Northwest”, www.telusplanet.net/public/dgarneau/metis.htm “What is Metis: Basically, it is a cultural tradition based on a premise of First Nation ancestry or adoption into that tradition. The word Metis is derived by the French from the Ojibwa word Wissakodewinmi, which figuratively means half burnt woodsman: not quite a full fledged woodsman. The Cree called the Metis Oteepaymsoowuk, which means their own boss; as distinct from French or English…

“Thanks to the diligent research of Clyde M. Rabideau’s son, Guy, we now have a bit more detailed history of our ancestor, Andre Robidou dit L’Espagnol and his life prior to and during his arrival in New France.” Kim Circa 1636-1640       Andre Robidou dit L’Espagnol is born in Sainte-Marie, Spain, the son of Manuel Robidou and Catherine Alue. (Notes: Sainte-Marie is noted as a parish, and also as being in Galicia in the Diocese of Burgos). circa 1645 or later      Jeanne Denot is born, the daughter of Antoine Denot and Catherine Leduc. She is baptized at Saint-Germain-L’Auxerrois, Paris, France. prior to 20 April 1661   Andre Robidou dit…

THE FIRST ROBIDOU, LE PREMIERE ROBIDOU Not much is known of our ancestor, Andre Robidou dit L’Espagnol, but we do know that in the 1666 census of Quebec, or New France, as it was known then, he lists his age as “26 years” and his birthplace as Burgos, Spain. His father was Maunel or Emmanuel Robidou and his mother Catherine Alve or Alue. His occupation was listed as “matelot” or sailor. The previous census of Quebec was so badly taken, Andre was missed entirely. Though we do not have a specific date for his birth, it is estimated he was born sometime around 1640 or later. Unfortunately, many attempts have…

Sometime after the death of Clyde M. Rabideau, the Robidou Association of North America (RANA) website was hi-jacked by an Indonesian Chicken Fighting Group and left to flounder in the ether. In remembrance of all the hard work Clyde Rabideau undertook to revive and publish Andre Robidou’s descendancy, I have made an attempt to save (resurrect) the most meaningful RANA web pages from the Wayback Machine (Internet Archive).  

The Great War (1914-1918) World War I: Summary, Causes & Facts | HISTORY.com World War 1: Trauma, Memory, Controversy World War 1: A History in 100 Stories World War 1: Paris 1919 – A New World Order? World War 1: Lessons and Legacy of the Great War The Great War and Modern Philosophy World War I Woodrow Wilson Battle of the Somme World War One (Epic History) Between the World Wars (1919-1939) 1932: The Crisis: The End of the Weimar Republic Weimar Germany: GCSE History Narrated By Barbara Njau Nazi Germany – Pictures of the Madness (1937 – 1939) The Second War (WW2) WWII History from Historians and Curators at…

Kreis Marienburg (source) FHL Film# # of Cards Area (Village) additional included areas 444515 8 Altebabke 444515 161 Altenau 444515 222 Altendorf 444515 382 Altmünsterberg 444515 694 Altweichsel 444515 951 Barenhof 444515 1209 Bärwalde 444515 1459 Barendt 444515 1747 Beiershorst 444515 1887 Biesterfelde 444515 2137 Blumstein 444515 3523 Brodsack 444515 3759 Bröske 444515 4080 Brunau 444517 9 Holm Steltertor?, Hornkampe, Neulicht, Rohrdamm, Vollicht, Hakendorf 444515 4903 Damerau 444515 5225 Dammfelde 444515 5351 Eichwalde 444516 1601 Fürstenwerder 444516 2292 Gnojau 444516 3589 Groß Lesewitz Herrenhagen 444516 4040 Groß Lichtenau 444516 4826 Groß Mausdorf 444516 5222 Groß Montau 444516 5540 Halbstadt 444516 5884 Heubuden Gurken (siehe auch Stuhm-Stadt), Gurkenhuben, Goldschaar Heubuden (=…